豫北地区不同灌水处理对冬小麦生长发育与产量形成的影响

Effects of Different Irrigation Treatment on Growth and Yield Formation of Winter Wheat in North Henan Province

以河南省人民胜利渠灌区种植的冬小麦为研究对象,通过分析冬小麦在不同灌水条件下的生育进程、形态指标及产量构成因素差异,为确定冬小麦的节水高产灌溉制度及水资源高效利用提供理论基础。结果表明:土壤墒情状况对冬小麦生长发育具有决定性的影响,水分亏缺会对冬小麦群体植株形态指标产生不良影响;低水分处理(T-50)叶面积指数、植株高度、干物质积累等性状低于适宜水分处理,土壤水分不足时,会造成叶面积指数、植株高度和干物质累积量等低于正常值;穗部性状随着土壤水分的降低而减少,T-50的处理最低,无效小穗数受土壤水分的影响规律性不明显;穗粒重和产量最高出现在适宜水分处理(T-60)中。

Planting of winter wheat in Henan province People's Shengliqu irrigation area as the research object, through the analysis of the birth of winter wheat under different irrigation process, shape index and yield components of difference, to determine the water-saving high yield of winter wheat irrigation system which provides the theoretical foundation and the efficient utilization of water resources. The results showed that soil moisture was one of the most important ecological factors affecting the growth and development of winter wheat. Low water treatment (T-50), leaf area, plant height, dry matter accumulation and yield components traits significantly lower than the optimum water processing, the heavier the drought, the smaller the leaf area, plant height is lower, the smaller amount of dry matter accumulation. The number of effective panicles, length of ears and number of panicles decreased with the decrease of soil moisture, and the treatment of T-50 was the lowest, but the effect of soil water on the number of small panicles was not regular. The grain weight and yield of the suitable water treatment (T-60) are highest.