合肥市学龄期健康儿童肺功能正常值测定及影响因素分析

Detection of pulmonary function normal value and district and correlated factors of school-aged children

目的测定学龄期健康儿童肺功能并分析影响因素、评估与现行判断标准间有无差异,为我市儿童肺功能值建立提供依据。方法随机抽取某学校6~12岁280名健康儿童进行肺功能检测,1岁为一个年龄组,共7组,每个年龄组40例,男女各20例,并记录其性别、出生日期、身高、体重,应用德国耶格公司生产的MasterScreen pneumo型肺功能仪进行肺功能测定,取最能反映肺功能的4个参数作为测定指标,即用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒钟用力呼出气体容量(FEV1)、峰值呼气流速(PEF)、最大呼气中段流速(MMEF75/25)。每个测试者测3次,取最好的一次结果记录打印。结果单因素相关性分析发现FVC、FEV1、PEF、MMEF75/25与年龄、身高、体重、BMI相关,经统计学处理均有显著性差异(P<0.05),且FVC与性别相关,不同性别间有显著性差异(P<0.05);多元回归分析显示不同性别间FVC、FEV1、PEF、MMEF75/25均与身高相关,年龄、体重的影响则因指标而异;实测均值与预计均值比较,FVC、PEF、MMEF75/25经统计学处理有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论年龄、性别、身高、体重、BMI是儿童肺功能的影响因素,FVC、PEF、MMEF75/25的实测均值与预计均值间的差异存在统计学差异。

Objective To detect the pulmonary function of school-aged children,and to analyze its influencing factors and evaluate the difference with current judgment standards,in order to provide reference for pulmonary function.Methods 280 healthy children from 6 to 12 years old at school were randomly selected for lung function tests,and they were divided into 7 groups according to age,40 cases in each group,with 20 male and 20 female.Their gender,date of birth,height and weight were measured,and MasterScreen pneumo-type pulmonary function test spirometer produced by the German Yage Company was used to measure the mean values of pulmonary function parameters.The 4 parameters that best reflected the lung function were used as the measurement index,such as forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced exhalation in the first second capacity (FEV 1),peak expiratory flow rate (PEF),and maximum expiratory midstream velocity (MMEF 75/25).Each tester measured 3 times,taking the best result record print. Results According to single factor analysis of variance,FVC,FEV 1,PEF,MMEF 75/25 were positively correlated with age,height,weight and BMI ( P< 0.05),and FVC was related to gender,there was a significant difference between different genders ( P< 0.05).Multiple regression analysis showed that FVC,FEV 1,PEF,and MMEF 75/25 were related to height among different genders,the effect of age and weight varied according to indicators.Mean actual and predicted mean values of FVC,PEF,and MMEF 75/25 were statistically different ( P< 0.05).Conclusion Age,gender,height,weight,and BMI are the influencing factors of lung function in children.There is a statistical difference between the measured mean and expected mean of FVC,PEF and MMEF 75/25.