教育立法评估的成本收益指标研究

A Research on the Cost-benefit Indicators of the Evaluation of Educational Legislation

教育立法评估有其必要性与可行性,但仍未形成科学的评估机制、系统的指标体系和有效的评估方法,也很少开展教育立法评估实践。法经济学的成本收益分析具有坚实的理论基础,为教育立法评估提供崭新的观察视角和有效的分析工具。以明确教育立法成本收益评估的效率优先导向、指标量化困难、规范对象特殊等局限性为前提,教育立法评估的成本指标包括立法、执法、司法、守法,收益指标包括教育制度改进、教育事业发展、社会经济发展、公众参与状况。指标设置应达成普遍性与特殊性、定性指标与定量指标、近期成本收益与远期成本收益之间的动态平衡,运用中应注意分辨正负值、评估目标、拟评估法律特点及信息渠道的不同。

The evaluation of educational legislation has its necessity and feasibility, but it has not yet formed a scientific evaluation mechanism, a systematic index system and an effective evaluation method, and seldom carried out the evaluation practice of educational legislation. The cost-benefit analysis of law and economics has a solid theoretical foundation and provides a new perspective and a scientific analytical tool for the evaluation of educational legislation. On the premise of acknowledging the efficiency priority of cost-benefit evaluation, the problems concerning index quantification and the particularity of the normative object, the cost indicators of the evaluation of educational legislation include legislation, law enforcement, judiciary and law-abiding;the benefit indicators include the improvement of education system, the development of education, the development of society and economy and the public participation. The setting of indicators should achieve a dynamic balance between universality and particularity, qualitative and quantitative indicators, short-term cost-benefit and long-term cost-benefit. In application we should distinguish between positive and negative values, evaluation objectives, legal characteristics of the proposed evaluation and different information channels, and make adjustments accordingly.