日语体标记与语篇叙述时间推进——以《一碗阳春面》为例

The Japanese Aspect Marker and the Temporal Progression

日语体标记范畴由完整体标记「スル」「シタ」和持续体标记「テイル」「テイタ」构成。它们不光可以观察句子层面的动词情状变化,还在语篇层面与语篇叙述时间推进关系密切。通过考察小说语篇《一碗阳春面》中日语体标记句与语篇叙述时间推进的关系,发现「シタ」标记句通常推进语篇主要事件链的时间发展,而「スル」标记句则主要推进各主要事件链中具体细节部分的时间发展;持续体标记句不推进语篇叙述时间发展。

The Japanese aspect marker category consists of the perfective marker “suru”“sita” and the imperfective marker “teiru”“teita”, which can not only reflect the change of the verb situation at the sentence level, but also have a close relationship with the temporal progression of the narrative time at the discourse level. Through examining the relationship between the Japanese aspect marker s sentence and the temporal progression in the novel Bowl of Plain Buckwheat Noodles , we find that the “sita” marker s sentence often advances the time of the main event chain of the text, while the “suru” marker s sentence can mainly promote the development of the specific details of each major event chain;the imperfective markers do not advance textual narrative development.