罗哌卡因伤口局部浸润麻醉联合帕瑞昔布镇痛在胰十二指肠切除术患者围术期管理中的效果

Efficacy of local infiltration of ropivacaine combined with multimodal analgesia with parecoxib for perioperative analgesia in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy

目的探讨罗哌卡因伤口局部浸润麻醉联合帕瑞昔布多模式镇痛在胰十二指肠切除术患者围术期管理中的效果。方法采取前瞻性随机对照研究,将2017年3月~2018年8月期间四川大学华西医院胆道外科收治的应用罗哌卡因伤口局部浸润麻醉联合帕瑞昔布镇痛的50例胰十二指肠切除患者(试验组)和同期应用地佐辛进行术后镇痛的胰十二指肠切除术患者48例(对照组)的临床资料。两组患者术中麻醉方案一致,术后采用相同的疼痛解救方案;对比分析两组患者围术期NRS疼痛评分,疼痛解救药物使用率,镇痛不良反应发生率,伤口感染发生率、术后首次下床活动时间及术后排气时间等指标的差异。结果分别比较两组患者术后12、24、48、72 h,术后7 d的NRS评分,试验组均低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组的解救镇痛药物使用率低于对照组(32%vs 66.67%,P<0.05);试验组盐酸曲马多使用率低于对照组(P<0.05)。镇痛不良反应方面,试验组患者不良反应总发生率更少(22%vs 54.17%,P<0.05),且恶心、呕吐发生率更低(P<0.05),其余各项不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且两组患者伤口感染发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组患者术后首次下床活动及首次排气时间早于对照组(P<0.05),且试验组患者术后住院时间更短(P<0.05)。结论罗哌卡因伤口局部浸润麻醉联合帕瑞昔布能有效降低胰十二指肠切除术患者围术期的疼痛程度,减少解救镇痛药物的使用频率,降低不良反应发生率,促进患者术后快速康复。

Objective To explore the effect of local infiltration of ropivacaine combined with multimodal analgesia with parecoxib for perioperative pain management in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. Methods This randomized controlled trial was conducted among 98 patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy in the Department of Biliary Surgery of West China Hospital between March, 2017 and August, 2018. The patients were randomized to receive perioperative analgesia with local infiltration anesthesia with ropivacaine combined with multimodal analgesia with parecoxib (experimental group, n=50) or postoperative analgesia with dizosin (control group, n=48). The regimens for intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative pain relief were identical in the two groups. The differences in NRS pain score, use of pain relief agents, the incidences of adverse reactions to analgesia and wound infection, and the time to first ambulation and first flatus passage after the operation were compared between the two groups. Results At 12, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 7 days after the operation, the patients in the experimental group had significantly lower NRS scores (P<0.05) than those in the control group. The rate of use of rescue analgesics was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (32% vs 66.67%, P<0.05);the rate of tramadol hydrochloride use was also significantly lower in the experimental group (P<0.05). Compared with those in the control group, the patients in the experimental group showed a significantly lower total incidence of adverse reactions (22% vs 54.17%, P<0.05) as well as a lower incidence of nausea and vomiting (P<0.05), an earlier time of first ambulation and first flatus passage after the operation (P<0.05), and a shorter postoperative hospital stay (P<0.05). Conclusion In patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy, local infiltration of ropivacaine combined with multimodal analgesia with ropivacaine can effectively relieve perioperative pain, reduce the use of relief analgesics, lower the incidence of adverse reactions, and promote the recovery after the surgery.