城市污水处理过程中恶臭气体释放的研究进展

Research advances of odor released from municipal wastewater treatment process

长期以来,我国城市污水处理相关工作人员职业病频发,与城市污水处理过程中会释放出大量的有毒有害气体有重要关系,我国现有的《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》对水质排放指标作了明确规定,但对于污水处理过程中释放的气体污染物的类型及排放限值缺少详细说明.本文对城市污水处理厂不同污水处理工艺及不同污水处理单元在运行中所释放的气体污染物的特征进行了归纳总结,阐述了城市污水处理厂释放的主要恶臭挥发性有机物的产生途径、释放量及影响因素,并指出目前城市污水处理厂释放的气体污染物主要通过尾气末端收集综合处理的方式进行治理,而对于工艺运行参数与气体污染物释放特征之间的相关性关系仍需深入研究.

A large amount of toxic and harmful gases would be released from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) during wastewater treatment, which causes occupational diseases frequently occurring among workers who work on sewage treatment for a long time in China. Detailed wastewater discharge standards are stated in the current “Standards for Pollutant Discharge from Municipal Sewage Treatment Plants”, while the available types and discharge standards for gaseous pollutants are not elaborated clearly.In this paper the characteristics of gaseous pollutants emitted from different wastewater treatment processes and units in WWTPs were summarized,the release pathways, release amount and influencing factors were also described. Furthermore, the prevalent treatment pattern for gaseous pollutants was that the exhaust gas was collected at the end of wastewater treatment first, and then it was treated comprehensively. In future study, the correlated relationships between the parameters of wastewater treatment process and the characteristics of gaseous pollutants should be studied further.