AFMBR处理生活污水的功能菌群特性研究

Study on the characteristics of microbial community in anaerobic fluidized bed membrane bioreactor for domestic wastewater treatment

厌氧流化床膜生物反应器(AFMBR)作为一种低耗产能的高效厌氧反应器,在处理生活污水中有着巨大的潜力.本研究主要利用宏基因组测序技术对AFMBR系统内的微生物菌群进行探究,结果表明:与接种菌群相比,AFMBR经过一段时间的连续运行后,在属水平上古菌优势菌属由接种时的甲烷囊菌属变为甲烷八叠球菌属、甲烷杆菌属,细菌的整体菌属结构发生了较大变化;在种水平上,系统内不存在较明显的优势菌种.从相对丰度比例≥ 1%的菌种来看:水解发酵菌群>产氢产乙酸菌群>产甲烷菌群,但各菌群之间相对丰度的差距较小.从基因水平来看,系统内与碳水化合物代谢、氨基酸代谢、能量代谢相关的基因丰度较高,二氧化碳、乙酸转化为甲烷是系统产甲烷的主要途径.

As an efficient anaerobic reactor with low power consumption, anaerobic fluidized bed membrane bioreactor (AFMBR) has great potential in domestic wastewater treatment. In this research, microbes in the AFMBR system were explored by metagenomics technology. The results show that compared with the inoculated bacteria, the archaea were transformed from Methanoculleus to Methanosarcina and Methanobacterium at the genus level. Meanwhile, the structure of bacteria changed enormously. There is no obvious dominant strain in the system at the species level. For relative abundance over 1%, the bacteria population follows in order of hydrolysate fermented bacteria >hydrogen producing acetogenic bacteria> methanogens, while the difference of their relative abundance was low. From the gene level, the relative abundance of genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism was relatively high. Additionally, the conversion of carbon dioxide and acetic acid is the principal pathway of methane production.