《左传》德行伦理四题

Four Issues in the Moral Ethics of Zuozhuan

《左传》德行伦理思想肇始于"民为神主""先民后君"民本思想的发展,尚德精神的推动以及占筮结果与道德评判的结合,其思想内容包括以民为本的德政操守、统治者个人道德修身操守、臣子忠德操守、士君子"教化明德"之人格精神以及家族伦理规范.同时,《左传》德行伦理在关于道德行为的基础、道德行为的追求以及"礼"作为伦理规范意义的三个方面获得了后世衍展.最后,《左传》德行伦理的特殊历史贡献体现在理性的宗教伦理思想和丰富的批判反思精神的发展,这深刻影响了人本主义思潮和价值理性在我国伦理思想史中的建立,将中国史书的道德评判传统发展到全新的高度,为指引当前社会成员健康、合理地生存发展提供诸多思想源泉和基体.

The Moral Ethics of Zuozhuan originated from the development of people-oriented thought of "people as god-lord"and"people before monarch",the promotion of the spirit of virtue and the combination of the results of occupation and moral judgment. The ideological content of the moral ethics of Zuozhuan includes people-oriented ethical thought,ruler’s personal moral cultivation thought,minister’s loyalty and morality thought,scholar-gentleman’s personality spirit of "enlightening people’s morality"and family ethical norm thought. At the same time,the moral ethics of Zuozhuan has been developed in three aspects: the basis of moral behavior,the pursuit of moral behavior and the significance of etiquette as an ethical norm. Finally,the special historical contribution of moral ethics in Zuozhuan is embodied in the development of rational religious ethics and abundant critical and reflective spirit,which profoundly influences the establishment of humanism and value rationality in the history of ethical thought in China,developing the tradition of moral evaluation in Chinese historical books to a new height,and providing many sources of ideas and foundations for guiding the healthy and rational survival and development of current members of society.