城乡土地利用结构变化对民族地区经济增长的影响——基于内蒙古各盟市面板数据的分析

The Impact of the Change of Urban-Rural Land Use Structure on the Economic Growth of Ethnic Areas——Based on the Analysis of the Panel Data of Leagues in Inner Mongolia

随着城镇化和工业化的不断深入,不可避免地出现了土地资源从农业部门转向非农业部门的现象。从土地要素投入结构变化视角,即土地资源从农业部门转向非农业部门过程中如何影响两部门的经济增长进行理论分析,并运用内蒙古12盟市面板数据分别测算土地资源对乡村地区和城镇地区经济的“增长阻力”。研究认为,土地要素对经济增长的影响取决于“土地供给动力”、“土地供给阻力”、土地结构变化产生的推动力及传统的“增长阻力”这四种力量的综合。其中“土地供给动力”和“土地供给阻力”两种效应说明,土地资源限制对乡村地区经济产生的“增长阻力”大于对城镇地区经济产生的“增长阻力”。因此,在土地资源有限条件下区域经济的可持续发展必须兼顾城乡之间的协调发展,谨慎选择土地资源在城乡间分配的平衡点;在保障农产品安全的资源需求基础上最大化满足城镇地区日益增加的土地资源需求。

With the deepening of urbanization and industrialization in Inner Mongolia, it is an inevitable phenomenon that land resources are being shifted from agricultural sector to non- agricultural sector. This paper, from the perspective of the change of investment structure of land elements, makes a theoretical analysis of the impact of the shifting of land resources on the economic growth of agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. In addition , based on the panel data of 12 leagues in Inner Mongolia, it calculates the “growth drag” caused by land resources to the economy of rural and urban areas respectively. The theoretical analysis shows that, the impact of land elements on economic growth is depended by joint effects of four kinds of force:“the driving force of land supply ”,“the resisting force of land supply”, the driving force caused by the change of land structure, and the traditional “growth drag”. The effects of “the driving force of land supply” and “the resisting force of land supply” demonstrate that, the “growth drag” caused by the restriction of land resources to the economy of rural areas is greater than that of urban areas. Under the condition of limited land resources, consideration of the coordinated development between urban and rural areas should be given in order to sustainably develop regional economy , and the balance point of the allocation of land resources between urban and rural areas should be cautiously chosen. On the basis of ensuring the resource demand of the safety of agricultural products, the increasing demand of land resources in urban areas should be met maximally.