家庭本位与经济—社会网络——对D镇乡村家纺企业的经济人类学分析

Family Standard and Economic-Social Network——An Analysis of Rural Household Textile Enterprises in D Town from the Perspective of Economic Anthropology

浙北D镇乡村家纺企业主要以家庭及其亲属网络为单位组织生产。在其发展过程中,家庭成员相互协作,既可以能动性地应对市场竞争和生产方式转型,又可以利用乡土文化长久维系亲缘、业缘网络实现家族共同体利益。当下,家纺企业面临着人力、技术、市场和继承方面的挑战,但从业者以吃苦耐劳的创业精神、农人智慧与经济的融合实现新的突破。这种转变的过程启发我们从经济人类学视角理解家纺经济和乡村工业的发展,既对思考血缘家族主义下家纺企业突破原有经济-社会网络,兼顾地方特色和市场化转型有现实意义,又对反思基于个人理性假设和经济唯一的发展逻辑,进行跨学科研究具有重要的理论参考意义。

Rural household textile enterprises in D town of Zhebei organize production mainly through the network of families and their relatives. In the course of more than 40 years′ development, family members of the rural household textile enterprises cooperate with each other, which not only actively responds to market competition and transformation of production methods, but also realizes the interests of the family community by using the long-term kinship and business network maintained by local culture. At present, although the household textile enterprises face challenges from manpower, technology, market and inheritance, they have achieved new breakthroughs through their entrepreneurial spirit of hard-working and the integration of their wisdom and the economy . The transformation inspires us to understand the development of household textile enterprises and rural industry from the perspective of economic anthropology, which is of practical significance for household textile enterprises to think of ways of breaking through the original economic-social network, giving consideration to local characteristics and market-oriented transformation, and which is of great theoretical significance to interdisciplinary research by reflecting on the logic of economic development based on the assumption of individual rationality.