烟台地区酿酒葡萄果蝇的发生规律及粘虫板的防效

Occurrence of fruit flies in wine grape and the control effect of sticky insect board

果蝇是为害酿酒葡萄的重要害虫之一,且较难防治.为了明确酿酒葡萄园中果蝇的发生规律及不同颜色的粘虫板对果蝇的防治效果,本研究对山东省烟台地区'蛇龙珠'和'白玉霓'两个葡萄园中的果蝇发生情况进行了调查,并悬挂不同颜色的粘虫板进行防治效果分析,观察采收期虫果率的变化.结果表明,两个葡萄园中果蝇数量没有显著差异,且优势果蝇种类为黑腹果蝇,均在6月下旬开始出现,9月下旬至10月上旬达到高峰,分别可诱集到53.80±8.32和59.60±9.43头/诱捕器;其次为斑翅果蝇和叔白颜果蝇,发生期早于黑腹果蝇且数量不多.另外,蓝色和黄色粘虫板对果蝇的防治效果最好.因此,在'蛇龙珠'和'白玉霓'的栽培过程中,可在9月上旬开始悬挂蓝色和黄色粘虫板对果蝇进行防治.

Fruit fly is one of the most important pests of wine grape, and its control is very difficult. In order to specify the occurrence regularity of fruit flies in vineyards, and the control effects on flies by sticky insect board with different colors, fruit flies were investigated in two wine grape varieties (Cabernet Gernischt and Ugni Blanc) in Yantai area, Shandong province. Moreover, the sticky insect board with different colors were hung in vineyards and then observed the changes of percentage of fruit with insects during the harvest time. The results showed that, there was no significant difference in the number of fruit flies between 'Cabernet Gernischt' and 'Ugni Blanc' vineyards. The dominant Drosophila species was D. melanogaster , which began to appear in late June and reached a peak from late September to early October. The number of flies allured were 53.80±8.32 and 59.60±9.43 individuals/traps in 'Cabernet Gernischt' and 'Ugni Blanc' vineyards, respectively. The following Drosophila species were D. suzukii and D. triauraria , which was appeared earlier and less than D. melanogaster . In addition, blue and yellow sticky insect board presented the higher control effect on the fruit fly than the other colors. Therefore, during the growing of 'Cabernet Gernischt' and 'Ugni Blanc', the blue and yellow sticky insect board could be hung from earlier September for the control of fruit flies.