呼吸内科门诊180例慢性咳嗽病因以及影响因素分析

Disease causes and influencing factors of chronic cough in outpatient department of respiratory medicine: 180 cases

目的探讨呼吸内科门诊慢性咳嗽的病因、发病特点及相关影响因素。方法分析180例慢性咳嗽患者(观察组)的临床资料、病因构成及临床特征。选取同期收治的160例上呼吸道感染患者为对照组,设计调查问卷获取两组患者的呼吸道疾病史、家庭哮喘史过敏史、个人药物过敏史、被动吸烟史、粉尘或化工材料接触史、特应性体质、室内花草或宠物,并进行统计分析。结果180例慢性咳嗽患者中病因构成的前3位为:咳嗽变异性哮喘62例(34.4%)、感染后咳嗽53例(29.4%)和鼻后滴漏综合征25例(13.9%)。观察组有呼吸道疾病史、家庭哮喘史/过敏史、个人药物过敏史、被动吸烟史、粉尘/化工材料接触史、室内花草或宠物情况均多于对照组(均P<0.01)。结论慢性咳嗽病因复杂,影响因素较多,临床实践中应结合咳嗽发病特点有针对性的选择检查以明确诊断,协助开展针对性的治疗。

Objective To analyze the causes, characteristics and related factors of chronic cough in outpatient department of respiratory medicine. Methods The clinical data, disease causes and clinical characteristics of 180 patients with chronic cough (Observation Group) were analyzed. 160 patients with upper respiratory tract infection admitted during the same period were selected as the Control Group. A questionnaire was designed to obtain the history of respiratory diseases, family history of asthma and allergy, personal drug allergy, passive smoking history, history of dust or chemical material exposure, familyspecific constitution, indoor plants or pets of the patients in the two groups, and statistical analysis was conducted. Results Among the 180 cases of chronic cough, the top 3 disease cases were cough variant asthma in 62 cases (34.4%), post-infection cough in 53 cases (29.4%) and postnasal drip syndrome in 25 cases (13.9%). Compared with the Control Group, there were more patients with the history of respiratory diseases, family history of asthma/allergy, personal drug allergy, passive smoking history, history of dust or chemical material exposure and indoor plants or pets in the Observation Group (P<0.01 for all). Conclusion Chronic cough has complicated diseases causes and many influencing factors. In clinical practice, doctors shall select specific examinations according to the characteristics of cough to make a clear diagnosis and assist in carrying out targeted treatment.