贫困存在社区邻里效应吗——基于多层回归模型的分析

Is There Neighborhood Effect in Poverty?Analysis Based on Multi-level Regression Model

基于中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)1989-2015年数据,使用多层回归模型对贫困中的社区邻里效应的存在性、非线性以及门槛特征进行分析,并探索社区邻里效应影响个人贫困的机制。结果发现:贫困存在显著的社区邻里效应,并呈现出非线性(倒U型)和门槛特征;社区邻里效应能够通过教育机制和收入机制显著影响个体贫困。因此,扶贫过程中,应当关注社区邻里效应对个体贫困可能带来的不利影响,尽量提升社区整体的学历水平以及收入水平,降低社区贫困率,为个体脱贫提供良好的社区环境。

Based on the data of China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS)from 1989 to 2015,this paper analyzes the existence,non-linearity and threshold characteristics of neighborhood effect by using a multi-level regression model,and explores the mechanism of neighborhood effect on individual poverty.The results show that poverty has a significant neighborhood effect and presents nonlinear(inverted U shape)and threshold characteristics,and community neighborhood effect can affect individual poverty significantly through education mechanism and income mechanism.Therefore,in the process of poverty alleviation,the possible adverse effects of neighborhood effect on individual poverty should be paid attention to,the overall educational level and income level of the community should be improved,the community poverty rate should be reduced,and a good community environment for individual poverty alleviation should be provided.