木瓜海棠2个优良品种繁育技术和开发利用前景

Breeding Technique and Development Utilization Prospect of Two Fine Cultivars of Chaenomoles cathayana

介绍了木瓜海棠(Chaenomoles cathayensis(Hemsl.)Schneid.)2个优良品种,即‘蜀红’木瓜海棠‘ShuHong’和‘球果’木瓜海棠‘Qiuguo’,cv.nov.。‘蜀红’木瓜海棠落叶丛生灌木或小乔木。花单生或(2~)3~5朵簇生在2年生以上短枝或刺枝上。花两性,稀单性(雌蕊不发育)及萼筒2枚并生。单花具花瓣5枚,稀4枚或6~8枚,偶有10枚,深红色。果实圆柱状,中间稍凹。‘球果’木瓜海棠为落叶、半常绿丛生灌木或小乔木。花单生或3~5朵簇生在2年生以上短枝或刺枝上,粉色或白色。果实球状,萼筒肉质化,成瘤状。同时,简述其主要生态习性,总结其繁育技术、栽培措施,提出其开发利用建议。

Two cultivars of the Chaenomoles cathayensis (Hemsl.)Schneid were introduced.They are Chaenomoles cathayensis (Hemsl.)Schneid.‘Shu Hong’ and Chaenomoles cathayensis (Hemsl.)Schneid ‘Qiuguo’.‘Shu Hong’ is deciduous shrub or small trees.Its flowers solitary or(2 ~)3 ~ 5 clusters in 2 years old short branch or thorny branch.The flowers are bisexual,dilute sex(pistil does not develop)and calyx tube two grow together.Most single flower has 5 petals,some also have 4 or 6 to 8 petals,occasionally 10 petals.The colour is oxblood red.Its fruits are cylindrical,slightly concave in the middle. Chaenomoles cathayensis (Hemsl.)Schneid.‘Qiuguo’ is a deciduous or semi evergreen shrub or small tree.Its flowers solitary or 3 ~ 5 clusteres in more than 2-year-old short branch or thorny branch,the colour is pink or white.Its fruits are globose,with succulent and timorous calyx tube.At the same time,its main ecological habits briefly were described;their breeding technology,cultivation measures and other valuable experiences were summed up and the views of development and utilization were put forward.