甘蔗主要病虫害调查

Investigation on the Main Diseases and Pests of Sugar Cane

针对火炬农场种植甘蔗特点、病虫害发生危害方式,于2018年9—11月对全场甘蔗病虫害进行了调查。结果表明,火炬农场甘蔗地主要病害有甘蔗轮斑病以及甘蔗赤腐病,其平均发生率分别为45.95%、23.81%,平均危害指数分别为14.27、5.32,其次为甘蔗褐条病、甘蔗锈病、甘蔗紫斑病、甘蔗梢腐病,平均发生率在1.19%~5.24%;主要虫害是螟虫,其平均发生率为59.24%,平均虫节率为16.52%,其次有粉蚧、蚜虫、白蚁、地下害虫,平均发生率在1.67%~3.76%。根据病虫害发生现状,提出推广甘蔗抗性品种与使用脱毒健康种苗,加强农业防治措施,适时进行生物防治与化学防治等综合防治建议。

According to the characteristics of planting sugar cane and diseases and insect pests occurre,the diseases and pests of sugarcane in the torch farm has carried on the preliminary investigation in September to November of 2018. The results showed that the main disease of sugarcane in the torch farm was sugarcane ring spot and red rot disease, the average incidence were 45.95%, 23.81%, the average damage index were 14.27, 5.32, followed by sugar cane brown streak, sugarcane rust, sugar cane purple spot, sugarcane tip rot, the average incidence was 1.19%-5.24% respectively. The main pests were borers, with the average incidence of 59.24% and the average section rate of 16.52%, followed by mealybug, aphids, termites and underground pests, with an average incidence of 1.67%-3.76%, respectively. According to the present situation of diseases and pests, the comprehensive control suggestions were put forward, such as popularizing sugarcane resistant varieties and using healthy virus-free seedlings, strengthening agricultural control measures, timely biological control and chemical control and so on.