Toll样受体在肿瘤治疗中的作用机制及应用前景

Mechanism and application prospects of Toll-like receptor in cancer therapy

Toll样受体(Toll-like receptor,TLR)不仅与肿瘤的生长和免疫抑制有关,还与细胞凋亡及免疫系统的激活相关。TLR可以诱导细胞凋亡并激活固有和适应性免疫应答,这些功能都有可能使其成为抗肿瘤治疗的靶点。许多研究和临床试验表明,肿瘤中TLR的激活可能与肿瘤治疗有关,因此采用TLR激动剂应用于肿瘤治疗有望成为一种新型的临床治疗方式,尤其在放疗或化疗联合进行治疗中。已有多项研究表明,TLR激动剂在肿瘤治疗中具有巨大潜力,因此对于抑制肿瘤发展的TLR信号通路的研究将是现阶段的重中之重。本综述就近期关于TLR在肿瘤中的作用机制、TLR激动剂在抗肿瘤治疗中的临床应用价值及尚需完善的问题进行综述。

Toll-like receptor(TLR)is not only related to tumor growth and immunosuppression,but also to apoptosis and immune system activation.TLR can induce apoptosis and activate innate and adaptive immune responses.Due to these functions,TLR can be used as pharmacological target for anti-tumor therapy.Many fundamental studies and clinical trials indicate that the activation of TLR may be associated to the treatment of tumors.Therefore TLR agonist-related therapy is a promising oncotherapy,especially combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy.Although many studies have demonstrated that TLR agonists have great potential in cancer therapy,now it is very important to study the TLR signaling pathways which has the inhibiting effect on the development of tumors.In this review,the recent studies on the mechanism of TLR in tumor,the clinical application value of TLR agonists and the problems that need to be improved in anti-tumor therapies were summarized.