城市污水中有机碳捕获工艺研究进展

The Research Progress of Organic Carbon Capture Technology in City Wastewater

资源可用性的限制正在推动当前社会生产体系发生变化,焦点从废弃物处理(污水处理)转向资源回收。传统污水处理技术存在着高能耗、污染转嫁等问题,且缺乏从污水中捕获大量有机物的能力。为有效地回收污水中存在的能量,将有机物富集浓缩至关重要,可通过物理、化学及生物过程将浓缩的有机物捕获到污泥相中。分析了传统污水处理工艺及其能源利用特点,并概述了目前用于城市污水有机物浓缩的代表工艺(如高负荷活性污泥法、化学强化一级处理及膜工艺技术),归纳总结其现状及存在的瓶颈问题,最后展望了碳捕获工艺未来的发展趋势。

The limitation in resource availability is driving a change in current social production systems,changing the focus from wastes treatment(such as wastewater treatment)to resource recovery.Conventional activated sludge technology has some problems such as high energy consumption,pollution transfer,and lack of capability to capture a high amount of organic matter from wastewater.In order to recover the energy in wastewater effectively,it is vital to up-concentration of organic matters,which can be captured into sludge by employing physical,chemical and biological processes.This paper aims to analyze the traditional wastewater treatment process and its characteristics of energy utilization,outlines the representative process of the most frequently used up-concentration processes(such as high load activated sludge process,chemically enhanced primary treatment and membrane technology),and sum up their status and the existing bottleneck problems.In addition,the trend of the development of carbon capture processes is also prospected.