寒区冰雪期城市居民出行方式选择规律研究

Urban Residents’ Travel Mode Selection Rule During Period of Ice and Snow in Cold Region

为调查寒区冰雪期城市居民的出行需求和出行习惯,运用层次分析法,以哈尔滨市居民为适应冰雪期的出行特征为研究对象,通过调查分别得到了经济性、安全性、效率和舒适性4个指标的判断矩阵以及小汽车、出租汽车、公共汽车、轨道交通、(电动)自行车和步行交通6种出行方式在这4个方面的判断矩阵。然后进行数据处理,得到了6种出行方式在哈尔滨市居民出行中的权重。结果表明轨道交通权重最大,步行次之,小汽车和公共汽车分别排在第3和第4位,出租汽车和公共汽车权重相差不大,排在第5位,自行车权重最小。最后,通过对不同交通方式的权重和分担率进行综合分析,结果表明轨道交通在寒冷地区具有很大优势,但现有的建设规模不足,客流分担率低,具有建设条件的寒区城市应积极发展轨道交通。

To construct the traffic structure which is suitable for the demand and habit of residents trip,AHP(analytic hierarchy process)has been used to analyze the travel characteristics of residents in Harbin.Through the survey,the judgment matrix of the four indicators of economy,safety,efficiency and comfort,and the six modes of travel of cars,taxis,buses,rail transit,(electric)bicycles and pedestrian traffic are obtained.After that,with the data processing,the weight of the six modes of travel in Harbin residents travel has been figured out.As a result,railway transportation is the most important in cold region,following by walking;cars and buses rank the third and the fourth respectively;there was little difference between taxis and buses,which are in the fifth;bicycles are the least important.After comparing the weight and share rate,the advantages of railway transportation has been shown apparently,but the present scale is not enough,and the customers share rate is too low,so the cities in cold region with the construction conditions should develop railway transportation actively.