不同化蛹基质对普通大蓟马蛹期、羽化率及性比的影响

Influences of different putation substrate on pupae development period, eclosion rate and sex ratio of Megalurothrips usitatus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

[目的]研究沙子、蛭石、锯末、厨房用纸对普通大蓟马Megalurothrips usitatu羽化率的影响。[方法]以沙子、蛭石、锯末和厨房用纸为基质,其中沙子、蛭石和锯末分别设置3个湿度,进行普通大蓟马羽化的室内试验,观察并记录每日成虫羽化数。[结果]普通大蓟马在厨房用纸中的羽化率最高,为54.33%,其次为含水量(w)5%的沙子,羽化率为44.67%,在蛭石中的羽化率最低;在含水量(w)5%的沙子中蛹历期最短,为5.29 d,其次为含水量(w)7%的沙子,为6.01 d,其他基质中的蛹历期无明显差异;在w为30%的蛭石中羽化性比(雄性∶雌性)最高,为0.60,其次为25%的蛭石,性比为0.48。[结论]本试验条件下,厨房用纸最适用于普通大蓟马室内饲养的化蛹基质。

【Objective】To investigate the effects of sand,vermiculite,sawdust,kitchen paper on the eclosion rate of Megalurothrips usitatus.【Method】Sand,sawdust and vermiculite,all with three moisture levels,and kitchen paper were used as growth substrates for M.usitatus pupation in laboratory experiments.The number of emerged insects were observed and recorded daily.【Result】The highest eclosion rate (54.33%) was observed for M.usitatus in kitchen paper,followed by 44.67% in sand with 5% water content,and the lowest eclosion rate was recorded in vermiculite treatment.The shortest pupa developmental period (5.29 d) was observed for M.usitatus in sand with 5% water content,followed by 6.01 d in sand with 7% water content.The highest malefemale ratio (0.60) was observed for M.usitatus in vermiculite with 30% water content,followed by 0.48 in vermiculite with 25% water content.【Conclusion】Kitchen paper is the most suitable pupation substrate for M.usitatus under current laboratory conditions.