可降解非金属类合成骨组织再生材料研究进展

Research progress on biodegradable non-metallic synthetic bone tissue regeneration materials

骨缺损的治疗仍是骨科医疗的一大挑战。使用某些植入材料可完成大块骨缺损修补。新可降解骨再生材料的开发、对已有骨修复材料的改性和应用新的制备工艺是骨修复材料研究领域发展的趋势。在可降解非金属类合成材料中,生物陶瓷与骨质的成分相似,且具有相对较高的强度,是应用最广的可降解骨修复材料。生物玻璃能与机体组织形成紧密连接,可用于骨科植入物的表面处理以提高植入物相容性。生物聚合物的生物活性高、结构疏松,在组织工程中具有巨大应用价值。这类材料应用策略的制订需要包括材料科学、生物科学、临床医学等多学科的综合方案,技术手段包括新配方开发、添加剂掺杂、新制备工艺应用等。本文将综述几类可生物降解合成骨组织再生材的优缺点、研发和制备进展。

The treatment of bone defects is still a major challenge for orthopedics. Large bone defect repair can be accomplished using certain implant materials. The development of new degradable bone regeneration materials, the modification of existing bone repair materials and the application of new preparation processes are the development trends in the field of bone repair materials research. Among the biodegradable non-metallic synthetic materials, bioceramics are the most widely used biodegradable bone repair materials because of their similar composition and relatively high strength. Bioglass can form a tight connection with body tissue and can be used for surface treatment of orthopedic implants to improve implant compatibility. Biopolymers have high biological activity and loose structure, and have great application value in tissue engineering. The formulation of strategies for the application of this kind of materials should include comprehensive plans of materials science, biology science, clinical medicine and other disciplines. The technical means include the development of new formulations, doping of additives, application of new preparation techniques, etc. This article will review the advantages, disadvantages, development and preparation of these types of biodegradable synthetic bone tissue recycled materials.