美国高校年度报告的制度变迁

Institutional Changes in the Annual Report of U.S. Higher Education Institutions

美国高校年度报告的制度变迁可以分为三个阶段,主要呈现的是三种变迁模式的特点。在把制度视为规则、组织、信念和多维概念的基础上,研究结果显示,规制变迁明确了法定报告的目的、内容和形式;规范变迁增强了报告的科学有效性;文化认知变迁突出了倾听学生心声的重要性;强制性与自愿性的制度格局有利于满足社会的多元需要,但也增加了高校的成本负担。

The institutional change in the annual report of U.S. higher education institutions can be divided into three stages characterized primarily by three models. Based on the understanding that institutions can be defined as rules, organizations, and beliefs, this study shows that changes in the regulative aspect have clarified the purpose, content, and form requirements of mandated reports;changes in the normative aspect have enhanced the scientific validity of annual reports;and changes in the cultural-cognitive aspect have integrated student voices into institutional building. While the institutional arrangement of the mandatory and voluntary reporting systems is beneficial to meet the diverse needs of society, it has also increased the cost burden on higher education institutions.