肥胖及代谢相关疾病治疗新靶点GDF15/GFRAL信号通路的研究进展

Research progress of new target GDF15/GFRAL signaling pathways for the treatment of obesity and metabolic related diseases

生长分化因子15(GDF15)是转化生长因子-β超家族的成员之一,参与能量稳态、体重调节和由癌症、慢性疾病导致的恶病质等多种生物过程。GDF15分子能够控制食物摄入和能量代谢,这使得其在肥胖症和厌食症等能量摄入紊乱疾病的治疗中具有重要意义。由于缺乏其确定的受体、信号传导机制和目标组织,该分子的生物学功能的进一步研究受到了限制。GDNF家族α样受体(GFRAL)最近被鉴定为GDF15分子的受体,负责介导控制能量摄入和能量代谢调节的生物学效应。GDF15/GFRAL信号通路的发现为肥胖及代谢相关疾病的治疗提供了新的思路。本文简要概述了GDF15能量维稳的生物学功能及GFRAL受体的发现对该领域的影响。

Growth differentiation factor 15(GDF15) is a member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily and is involved in various biological processes such as energy homeostasis, body weight regulation, and cachexia driven caused by cancer and chronic diseases. GDF15 is able to control food intake and energy metabolism, which makes it important in the treatment of disorders such as obesity and anorexia. Further research into the biological function of this molecule has been limited due to the lack of its defined receptors, signaling mechanisms and target tissues. The GDNF family α-like receptor(GFRAL) has recently been identified as a receptor for the GDF15 molecule and is responsible for mediating the biological effects of controlling energy intake and energy metabolism regulation. The discovery of the GDF15/GFRAL signaling pathway provides new insights into the treatment of obesity and metabolic related diseases. In this paper, the biological function of energy stabilization of GDF15 and the influence of the discovery of GFRAL receptor on this field are briefly summarized.