西湖景区土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯污染水平、来源分析和空间分布特征

Pollution Levels,Sources,and Spatial Distribution of Phthalate Esters in Soils of the West Lake Scenic Area

为考察杭州西湖景区土壤环境中邻苯二甲酸酯(phthalate esters,PAEs)的污染情况,本研究采集了西湖景区4种不同土地利用类型土壤共42个土壤样品,利用气相色谱三重四级杆质谱联用仪(GC-MS/MS)对所有样品中6种PAEs的含量水平和组成情况进行了分析,并采用主成分分析法和普通克里金插值法对不同土地利用类型土壤中PAEs的来源与空间分布进行了详细探讨.结果表明,西湖景区6种邻苯二甲酸酯累计含量(ΣPAEs)范围为597.6~7 360.1μg·kg^-1,邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(DEHP)是3种主要的PAEs污染物,三者总含量平均值贡献率高达98.43%,而DEHP作为含量最高的PAEs单体贡献率为66.28%;不同土地利用类型土壤中的PAEs组成由于其来源不同而具有差异性,交通运输与游客活动是西湖景区内PAEs的主要来源;6种PAEs主要分布在西湖景区的东北区域,呈现出由北向南、自东向西递减趋势.

To investigate pollution from phthalate esters( PAEs) in the soils of the West Lake Scenic Area,Hangzhou,Zhejiang province,a total of 42 samples were collected from 4 species of soil with different uses. The concentrations and composition of 6 PAEs were analyzed by gas chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry( GC-MS/MS). The sources and spatial distribution of PAEs in the different soil species were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis( PCA) and Ordinary Kriging( OK) methods. It was found that the total concentrations of the 6 PAEs(Σ PAEs) ranged from 597. 6 μg·kg^-1 to 7 360. 1 μg·kg-1,of which Dimethyl Phthalate( DMP),Di-n-buthyl Phthalate( DBP),and Di-( 2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate( DEHP) were most abundant( 98. 43% ofΣ PAEs). As major pollutant,DEHP contributed as much as 66. 28% to Σ PAEs. The composition of PAEs in different soil species differed due to source differences;transportation and tourist activities were the main sources of these PAEs. The 6 PAEs were mainly distributed in the northwestern portion of the West Lake Scenic Area,decreasing from north to south and from east to west.