人工智能背景下的环境治理变革及应对策略分析

Environmental Governance Changes Brought by Artificial Intelligence and the Potential Risk Research

人工智能的普及和广泛应用给环境治理带来了深刻变革。人工智能的感知功能能够增强环境信息的获取能力,人工智能与大数据结合能够拓展环境治理的时空范围,人工智能的决策规划能力能够优化环境治理的决策机制,人工智能的多场景应用为实现环境精细化管理奠定了基础,人工智能的交互和学习能力能够提高环境知识和理念的传播效率。在给环境治理带来积极变革的同时,人工智能也潜藏着风险和隐患,这种风险既来自于其固有的技术缺陷和训练数据的偏差,也来自于人工智能对政府决策、信息传播和社会组织的变革和重塑。因此,要顺应和推动环境治理的智能化变革趋势,一方面要深化环境治理体系和机制改革,发挥人工智能对环境治理能力的提升作用;另一方面也要正视和警惕人工智能的负面影响,规避和预防人工智能在环境治理应用中的潜在风险。

Artificial intelligence has been widely used in all aspects of environmental govern-ance, bringing revolutionary changes. At the information level, artificial intelligence technology enhances the capacity of environmental information collecting and processing;at the policy deci-sion level, artificial intelligence enhances the scientific of policy decision;at the management lev-el, artificial intelligence is applied to smart devices, which provides an effective solution for the e- laborate management of environment;at the sense level, artificial intelligence changes the way environmental information is transmitted, which accelerates the dissemination of environmental knowledge and information. While improving the abilities of the environmental governance, arti-ficial intelligence technology also brings potential risks. This risk comes from both the technical deficiencies of artificial intelligence itself and the profound impact of artificial intelligence on poli-cy development, information dissemination and social structure. In order to avoid the potential risks of artificial intelligence in environmental governance, it is necessary to expand the functions of environmental information platforms, optimize the mechanisms for participating environmental governance and improve the policy and regulation system of environmental governance.