认知翻译研究的观念和方法

The ideas and methods of cognitive translation studies

认知视角的翻译研究始于20世纪60年代,迄今研究的理论视角从心理学、心理语言学、认知心理学,发展到后来的认知语言学、认知科学、神经科学等。研究方法则经历了早期实验、实证研究,过渡到有声思维法、键盘记录法、眼动追踪法、神经成像技术等。梳理已有研究发现,西方的认知翻译研究在观念和方法上不断革故鼎新,在探索译者思维过程这个"黑匣子"的道路上取得了显著发展。相比之下,国内相关研究却相对滞后,仍然处于评介阶段,未来的认知翻译研究尚有很大的发展空间。

Translation studies from the cognitive perspective was initiated in the 1960s. The theoretical perspectives so far have evolved from psychology, psycholinguistics, and cognitive psychology to later cognitive linguistics, cognitive science and neuroscience. In addition, research methodology has experienced changes from early experimental and empirical studies to think-aloud protocol, keystroke recording, eye tracking, and neuroimaging. A general survey of existing studies has served to find out that cognitive translation studies in the west has continued to take the lead both in ideas and methods and has made significant progress in exploring the "black box" of the translator’s mind. In contrast, domestic related researches have relatively lagged behind and are still in the stage of introduction and evaluation. The future cognitive translation research at home has still a lot of room for development.