胡夏客“杜诗注”研究

On Hu Xiake’s Notes on Du Fu’s Poems

胡夏客是明代著名唐诗学专家胡震亨的次子,清初著名诗人。他对杜诗颇有研究,曾注释过杜诗,其成果以笔记体的形式存在于《谷水谈林》之中。今对其“杜诗注”的真伪、流传情况进行考证,并通过对所辑74题79条佚文的分析发现:胡夏客的“杜诗注”,注释杜诗五古、五律、五排最多,这和杜甫的诗歌创作情况大体相同,同时也与夏客诗歌创作的情况基本上一致;注释涵盖诗歌用典、用字、用韵、章法、结构、史实等各个方面;还采用了“以史证杜”“以杜证杜”等方法注释杜诗,具有一定的学术价值。

Hu Xiake,a famous poet in the early Qing Dynasty,is the second son of Hu Zhenheng,a famous Tang poetry expert in the Ming Dynasty.He has a lot of research and even made comments on Du’s poems.Gushui Tanlin records his research findings,which now cannot be found.This paper examines the authenticity and spread of notes on Du’s poems.Through the analysis of the 74 articles of the 79 articles,it is found that Hu Xiake’s notes mainly focus on five-character ancient poems,five-character lvshi and five-character pailv.This basically coincides with Du Fu’s poetry creation and Hu’s poetry creation.The annotations cover all aspects of poetry allusion,diction,rhyme,composition,structure,historical facts and etc.It is of academic value to annotate Du’s poems with historical facts and Du’s own poems.