提高内皮祖细胞治疗缺血性心血管疾病移植存活率的研究进展

Advances in improving the survival rate of transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells in the treatment of ischemic cardiovascular diseases

缺血性心血管疾病如心肌梗死等多存在内皮细胞损伤病理基础,将内皮祖细胞(endothelial progenitor cells, EPCs)移植到局部缺血组织能够有效促进受损血管修复和新生血管生成,为缺血性心血管疾病的治疗提供了很有前景的治疗策略。由于缺血组织条件恶劣,如缺血缺氧、营养物质缺乏、高脂环境等,大部分移植的EPCs不能存活。研究者为了解决这一难题进行了大量临床试验和研究,探究出多种改善EPCs移植存活率的方法,包括靶向EPCs细胞保护性介质、功能靶向药物(天然化合物、激素等)预处理EPCs、与其他干(祖)细胞或支持细胞联合治疗、生物材料的支架策略以及病毒介导的基因修饰等。现就提高内皮祖细胞移植存活率的方法作一综述。

Ischemic cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction have pathological basis of endothelial cell injury. Transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs) into ischemic tissue can effectively promote the repair of damaged blood vessels and neovascularization, which provides a promising therapeutic strategy. Due to the harsh conditions of ischemic tissue, such as ischemia and hypoxia, nutrient deficiencies, and high-fat environment, most of the transplanted EPCs can not survive. In order to solve this problem, the researchers conducted a large number of clinical trials and studies to explore a variety of methods to improve the survival rate of EPCs transplantation:targeting EPCs with cell protective media, pretreating EPCs with drugs(natural compounds, hormones, etc.),combined therapy with other stem/progenitor cells or supporting cells, scaffold strategy of biomaterials, and virusmediated genetic modification. This article mainly reviews the methods for improving the survival rate of endothelial progenitor cells transplantation.