“三权分置”视野下农村土地承包经营权流转困境及破解

The Difficulty and Solution of the Circulation of Right of Contractual Management of Rural Land under the View of "Separation of Three Rights"

“三权分置”理论从保护农民权益本质出发,结合我国法律现状,以发展多元化农村土地承包经营权的流转方式为目的,在保持原有的土地承包经营制度的前提下,进一步明确以集体土地所有权、农户承包权和土地经营权三种权利并行的模式。但该理论还没有转化为法律依据,在实施“三权分置”理论时,遇到诸如集体土地的所有权主体不明确;集体土地的权能受到限制;土地经营权的法律性质不确定;农村土地承包流转方式局限,无法使土地效益得到充分发挥等困境,因此,有必要厘清其在现有法律制度中存在的缺陷,着重提出相应的解决建议,扫清在实践中的障碍,使得我国土地承包经营权制度在实施过程中能够稳定发展。

Based on protecting farmers' rights and interests,the theory of "Three Rights Separation",with the aim of developing the diversified transfer of rural land contractual management right in light of China's legal status,further clarifies the parallel mode among rural land ownership rights,contract rights and management rights on the premise of maintaining the original land contractual management system.However,lacking of legislative authority,the implementation of the theory has confronted several limitations and difficulties.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify its shortcomings in the existing legal system,put forward corresponding solutions and clear the obstacles in practice,so that the rural land contractual management right system can develop steadily in the implementation process.