河西走廊绿洲面积动态及其驱动因素

Dynamic Changes and Driving Factors of Oasis in Hexi Corridor

绿洲是干旱区脆弱生态体系中由人类活动与自然因素综合作用形成的、能够为人类生存与发展提供物源基础和生态服务功能的重要地理单元,其动态变化能够反映区域内生态、经济以及社会的演替方向。以第四次和第五次全国荒漠化和沙化监测数据为基础,结合同期气象与人类活动数据,应用转移矩阵与灰色关联度分析法,分析了河西走廊绿洲土地利用类型的转移规律和环境因素对绿洲动态变化的影响程度。结果表明:(1)研究时段内,河西走廊绿洲内部土地利用类型动态转移明显,相互间转化剧烈的地类包括耕地、居民工矿交通用地、有林地、灌木林地和草地;(2)河西走廊5个地级行政区绿洲面积均呈增加趋势,增加幅度最大的为嘉峪关市(51.97%),最小的为武威市(3.68%);(3)驱动河西走廊5个地级行政区绿洲面积动态变化的主导因子与农耕产业关系密切,预示河西走廊水资源利用与农业生产效率仍需提高。

Oasis is an important geographical unit that is formed by the combination of human activities and natural factors in a fragile ecosystem of arid regions,which has certain ecological service functions and can provide a material basis for human survival and development,and its dynamic changes can reflect the direction of succession in ecology,economy and society within the region.Based on the fourth and fifth national desertification and sandification monitoring data and combined with the meteorological and human activity data,our study used the transfer matrix and the grey correlation analysis method to analyze the transfer law of land use types in the Hexi Corridor oasis and explore the impact of environmental factors on the dynamic changes of oasis.The results showed that:(1)During the study period,the dynamic transfer of land use types in the Hexi Corridor were obviously,and the land types that were drastically transformed with each other included cultivated land,residential land,industrial land,transportation land,forest land,shrub land and grassland;(2)the area of the oasis in all the five prefecture-level administrative regions of the Hexi Corridor showed an increasing trend,the largest increase was in Jiayuguan City(51.97%),while the smallest increase was in Wuwei City(3.68%);(3)the leading factors driving the dynamic change of the oasis area in the five prefecture-level administrative regions of the Hexi Corridor are closely related to the farming industry,indicating that the water use and agricultural production efficiency of the Hexi Corridor still needs to be further improved.