咸潮入侵对河口和河口型水库产生的影响

Effects of Saltwater Intrusion on Estuary and Estuarine Reservoir

咸潮入侵多发生在沿海地区,尤其是河口区域,在世界范围内均有发生。气候变化和人为活动可增加其发生的频率以及危害。河川径流和潮汐对于调节咸水在河口的时间分布和空间分布起着重要作用。在枯水季节,风力的变化显著地影响咸潮入侵。咸潮入侵对饮用水,包括工业、农业生产用水,带来了一系列的危害。文中介绍了咸潮入侵对水环境和水生生物的影响、河口面临的蓝藻水华风险以及河口型水库所面临的挑战。

It is common that saltwater intrusion occurs in coastal areas,especially in estuary area.Because of climate changes and human activities,the frequency of saltwater intrusion is higher,and the harm is greater.River runoff and tide play important roles in regulating the temporal and spatial distribution of saltwater in estuaries.The variation of wind force significantly affects the saltwater invasion during the dry season.Saltwater intrusion results in a series of harms to industry,agriculture and drinking water.The paper analyzes the effects of saltwater intrusion on water environment and aquatic organisms,illustrates the risk of cyanobacteria blooms for estuaries,and expounds the challenge of estuarine reservoir.