京桃果实发育特征的观测

Observation on the Developing Characteristics of Prunus davidiana Fruit

以吉林向海国家级自然保护区管理局院内绿化栽培的京桃为材料,对其果实发育特征进行观测,结果表明:在2018年通榆地区的生态环境条件下,京桃果实具有早期发育快于后期的特点。发育的1~3周时,每周体量以0. 70~1. 67倍的速度增加;4~8周时,每周体量仅以0. 1~0. 2 cm的速度增加。三种果形从满一周的纵径0. 4 cm、宽横径0. 3 cm分别增加到2. 3 cm与2. 2 cm、2. 4 cm与2. 5 cm、2. 6 cm与2. 2 cm,分别增加了4. 8倍与6. 3倍、5. 0倍与7. 3倍、5. 5倍与6. 3倍。发育过程中果实的果皮呈绿色,7月下旬开始逐渐变黄,8月上旬为"杏黄色",完全成熟并陆续脱落。

The characteristics of fruit development were observed by using Prunus davidiana as the material in the greening cultivation of Jilin Xianghai National Level Natural Conservation Area Administration. The results showed that under the ecological environment of Tongyu area in 2018,Prunus davidiana fruit had early stage and the development was faster than the later stage. At 1 to 3 weeks of development,the weekly volume increased from 0. 70 to 1. 67 times. At 4 to 8 weeks,the weekly volume increased only at a rate of 0. 1 to 0. 2 cm. The vertical diameter of 0. 4 cm and the width of 0. 3 cm increased to 2. 3 cm and 2. 2 cm,2. 4 cm and 2. 5 cm,2. 6 cm and 2. 2 cm,respectively,which increased by 4. 8 times and6. 3 times,5. 0 times and 7. 3 times,5. 5 times and 6. 3 times,respectively. During the development process,the fruit peel was green,and gradually turned yellow in late July. It was"apricot yellow"in early August and was fully mature and gradually fell off.