记录媒介演进与档案历史叙事的变迁

The Evolution of Recording Media and the Change of Historical Narration of Archives

技术进步是媒介革新的母题,而媒介固有的物质结构和符号形式不仅规定了档案中的"历史"与"过去"之间的关系,同时还引发了主体历史认知方式的改变,并塑造了相应的历史叙事文化。本文遵循技术的演进逻辑,基于历史比较方法,分别从话语形式、主体认知和文化面貌三方面分析了档案历史叙事的变迁。在以文字为媒介的档案中,过去被抽象为概念体系,线性组织的档案文本塑造了强调理性思维方式的读写文化;在以图像为媒介的档案中,过去被复制为具体的视觉形象,直观的档案影像推动了以眼睛为工具的视觉文化的回归;在以二进制代码为媒介的档案中,过去出现了被重构的迹象,档案真实性的边界被重新定义,复合型的媒介环境实现了口语文化、读写文化与视觉文化的交融。

Technological progress is the motif of media innovation, and the inherent material structure and sym bolic form of media not only stipulate the relationship between"history"and“past”in archives, but also lead to the change of the subject's historical cognitive mode and shape the corresponding historical narrative culture. Following the evolutionary logic of tech no logy and based on historical comparison method, this paper analyses the changes of historical narrative of archives from three aspects:discourse form, subject cognition and cultural outlook. In the ar chives with words as media, the past was abstracted as a conceptual system, and the linear organization of archival texts created a culture of reading and writing emphasizing rational thinking mode;in the archives with images as media, the past was copied as a specific visual image, and the intuitive archival images promoted the return of visual culture with eyes as tools;in the archives with binary code as media, the past was copied as a specific visual image. There are signs of reconstruction, the boundary of authenticity of archives has been redefined, and the complex media environment has realized the integration of oral culture, reading and writing culture and visual culture.