边疆民族地区县域农村学校空间布局合理性研究——以云南省Y县为例

On the Rationality of Spatial Distribution of Rural Schools in Frontier Minority Areas——A Case Study of Y County of Yunnan Province

学校布局关乎教育资源的配置,本研究依据学校布局合理性的影响因素构建西部山区县域农村学校布局合理性评价指标体系,以云南省某山区县为研究样本,运用评价指标体系结合GIS空间分析技术研究该县域农村小学的空间布局。通过计算将该县域的学校布局分为三种类型,该县域学校布局不合理主要体现在学生上学距离较远,存在明显的服务盲区;部分乡镇校点集中度高、学龄人口分布与学校资源配置不相适应。在未来的学校规划中应多设校点、发展农村小规模学校,在少数民族聚集区举办小学或教学点;完善和提高办学条件,使该地区的教育质量满足民众对教育的需求。

School layout bears upon the allocation of educational resources.Based on the factors affecting the rationality of school layout,this study constructed a evaluation index system for the rationality of rural school layout in western mountainous counties.Taking a mountainous county in Yunnan Province as a sample,the spatial distribution of rural primary schools in this county was studied by using the evaluation index system and GIS spatial analysis technology.Through calculation,the school layout in this county is divided into three types.The unreasonable school layout in this county is mainly reflected in the long distance between students and school and the existence of obvious service blind areas,the high concentration of some township schools,and the incompatibility of the distribution of school-age population with the allocation of school resources.In the future school planning,more schools should be established,building small-scale schools in rural areas;primary schools or teaching points should be set up in ethnic minority areas;the school-running conditions should be improved to make the quality of education in this area meet the people's needs for education.