清洁取暖政策对北方农村地区能源结构的影响:以鹤壁市为例

INFLUENCE OF CLEAN HEATING POLICY ON ENERGY STRUCTURE IN NORTHERN RURAL AREAS: A CASE STUDY OF HEBI,CHINA

为调查清洁取暖政策实施后北方试点城市的取暖方式及能源结构现状,采用问卷调查的方法对鹤壁市农村地区1030户居民进行入户问卷调查。基于结果发现,以煤炭、秸秆为主的传统取暖方式逐步被电力、天然气取暖所取代。全市农村地区年标准煤耗量约为796093 t,较之前下降约20.27%,人均年耗0.86 t。当前农村能源结构中,电力、汽油柴油、天然气、煤炭、太阳能、集中供暖、LPG、沼气、薪柴的能耗占比分别为54.19%、15.93%、10.17%、6.43%、6.30%、5.17%、1.01%、0.45%和0.45%。清洁取暖政策的推行是驱动能源替代的主要因素,驱使鹤壁市农村地区的能源结构迅速转变,传统的煤炭、薪柴、秸秆等燃料的消耗量大幅降低,电力、天然气、汽油柴油逐步主导了能源结构,为进一步研究冬季清洁取暖提供了数据支撑和政策建议。

In order to investigate the current situation of heating mode and energy structure of pilot cities in northern China after the implementation of clean heating policy,1030 households in the rural areas of Hebi were investigated by using the method of questionnaire survey.The investigation found that the traditional heating methods,mainly by coal and straw,were gradually replaced by electricity and natural gas.The annual standard coal consumption in rural areas of the whole city was about 796093 t,which is 20.27% lower than before,and the per capita annual standard coal consumption was about 0.86 t.In the current rural energy structure,the energy consumption of electricity,gasoline and diesel,natural gas,coal,solar energy,central heating,LPG,biogas and firewood were 54.19%,15.93%,10.17%,6.43%,6.30%,5.17%,1.01%,0.45% and 0.45%,respectively.The implementation of the clean heating policy was the main factor to drive energy substitution,the consumption of fuel such as coal,firewood and straw was greatly reduced,and the cleaner electric power,natural gas and gasoline diesel gradually dominated the energy structure.The results could provide data support and policy suggestion for further study of clean heating.