“五四传统”与闻一多的文学道路

The “Tradition of the May 4th Movement” and Wen Yiduo’s Literary Road

"五四"新文化运动在中国现代史上影响深远。文章以闻一多为例,考察其文学道路与"五四传统"的关系。从介入清华校内的文白论争到开始白话文学的尝试,闻一多从语言方式和文学观念上发生了最早的转变。1928年后,闻一多"向内转"开始古典文学研究,在胡适"整理国故"影响下,以"科学"的现代方法重新整理古代文学,接续了一度被"革命"压抑的五四"文艺复兴"传统。1943年,当"中国之命运"面临危机,闻一多从书斋走向广场,带领西南联大学生纪念"五四运动",在分享"五四"话语中与青年学生"和解",投身民主事业,最终以身殉难。闻一多的文学道路与中国现代文学三十年的主潮形成某种同构,其诗人、学者、斗士多重身份是不同的文学实践,其内在脉络正是"五四传统"。

The "May 4^th" New Culture Movement has a far-reaching influence on modern Chinese history. This paper aims to examine the relationship between his literary road and the "May 4^th tradition" by taking Wen Yidao as an example. From his intervention in the debate on vernacular literature in Tsinghua University to his attempt to start vernacular literature, Wen Yiduo has undergone his earliest change in language style and literary concept. After 1928, Wen Yiduo "turned inward" and began to study classical literature. Under the influence of Hu Shi’s view on "sorting out the national history", Wen Yiduo rearranged ancient literature with modern methods of "science", and continued the tradition of the May 4^th "Renaissance" which was once suppressed by "revolution". In 1943, when the "destiny of China" was faced with a crisis, Wen Yiduo walked from his study to the square to lead the students of Southwest United University to commemorate the May 4^th movement. And in the sharing of the "May 4^th" discourse, he "reconciled" with the young students and devoted himself to the cause of democracy until his eventual death. Wen Yiduo’s literary road has formed some isomorphism with the main trend of modern Chinese literature in the past 30 years. while his multiple identities of a poet, a scholar and a fighter are his different literary practices, and his internal thread is the "May 4^th tradition".