清末新政时期统治者内部对立宪政体的接受进程

The Acceptance Process of Constitutional Regime Among the Rulers in the Late Qing Dynasty

清末内忧外患严重,君主立宪作为一种社会思潮在国内知识界和留学生中开始勃兴起来,统治者内部各派对其的认识却差异很大。立宪派基本认为只有实行立宪政体才可以挽救危亡、消除革命、实现政治稳定,但内部对立宪政体的认识也有很大不同。一些朝官督抚和出使各国大臣奏请立宪,实际上对立宪政体的认识却相差很远。最终,清朝统治者决定实行预备立宪,采取改革自救之举措,表现出一定的主动性。

In the late Qing dynasty,there were serious internal and external problems.As a social trend the constitutional regime began to flourish in the domestic intellectual circles and overseas students,but the understanding among the various factions within the rulers was very different.The constitutionalists basically believed that only the implementation of constitutional regime could save the crisis,eliminate the revolution,and achieve political stability. But there were great differences in understanding of constitutional regime among the constitutionalists.Some officials, governors-general and ministers on diplomatic missions asked for constitutionalism,but in fact they had different understanding of constitutionalism.In the end,the rulers of the Qing dynasty decided to prepare for constitutionalism and take measures of reform and self-rescue with certain initiative.