医疗行为侵权因果关系证明责任的解释与平衡

Interpretation of the Law and Balancing of Interests on the Burden of Proof of Causality in the Medical Tort Cases

因规范的变动导致实务中对于医疗行为侵权因果关系证明责任问题的认识处于较为混沌的状态。从立法效力和法律系统角度分析,探究立法的背景与本义,应坚持我国医疗行为侵权因果关系证明责任由原告负担的观点。在立法规定框架内,为平衡医患双方利益,法官在自由心证过程中可以采取运用经验法则补足证明力、强调医院的解明义务、进行比例认定等方式干预当事人的主观证明责任。

The understanding in practice on the burden of proof of causality in the medical tort cases is in a chaotic state because of the changes in legislation. We should adhere the view that the burden of proof of causality in the medical tort cases is on the plaintiff. In the legislative framework,to balance the interests of both doctors and patients,the judge can take use of the experience rule,the explanation obligation of the hospital,identification method in accordance with the proportion to influence the burden of producing evidence. We should pay attention to the influence of the burden of producing evidence and objectification of free evaluation of the evidence.