刚地弓形虫在终末宿主阶段的研究进展

Advances in research on Toxoplasma gondii in its definitive host

弓形虫病在我国人群及动物间广泛流行,感染率逐年上升,危害严重。其原因之一是我国饲养猫及流浪猫的数量不断增加。猫在弓形虫病的传播流行过程中承担重要的角色,它是弓形虫最为常见的终末宿主,在其体内进行有性生殖,产生大量卵囊;饲养猫、接触猫以及接触卵囊感染的水、土壤和食物是人类及动物感染弓形虫病的重要危险因素。但目前缺少有效的治疗药物及预防措施,为探寻有效降低或阻断弓形虫病在我国广泛流行的预防措施,本文分析了弓形虫病在我国猫体内的流行状况及特点,对弓形虫在终末宿主内的发育及卵囊、裂殖子的研究进展进行综述。

Toxoplasmosis is prevalent among people and animals in China. Its sero-prevalence in humans and animals has increased over the years, and toxoplasmosis causes severe harm to humans and animals. One reason for this is the increasing number of domestic cats and stray cats in China. Cats play a critical role in the transmission and outbreaks of toxoplasmosis, and they are the most common definitive host of Toxoplasma gondii. T. gondii sexually reproduces in cats, culminating in the production of oocysts. Keeping cats, touching cats, and contact with water, soil, or food contaminated with oocysts are major risk factors for the transmission of T. gondii to both humans and animals. However, there are no effective drugs and strategies to treat or prevent T. gondii infection yet. In order to explore measures to effectively reduce or/and limit the prevalence of toxoplasmosis throughout China, this review analyses the prevalence and characteristics of T. gondii in cats in China and it summarizes the growth of T. gondii in its definitive host as well as advances in research on oocysts and merozoites.