利益相关者和劳动关系治理——一个新的比较产业关系分析框架

Stakeholders and Labor Relations Governance: A New Framework for Comparative Industrial Relations Analysis

产业关系系统理论为20世纪的比较产业关系研究提供了一个实用的分析框架,却在全球化时代遭遇了前所未有的挑战。一个核心原因在于其过分关注国家正式制度和劳、资、政三方行为主体,而忽视了其他诸多在全球化时代积极塑造产业关系形态的治理主体。本文将全球生产网络视角融合进了传统产业关系系统理论,进而提出了一个基于利益相关者的比较产业关系分析框架。这一框架保留了系统理论“投入-产出”的运行逻辑,但是关注不同利益相关者通过政治权威、经济杠杆和公众动员三种“武器”在全球生产网络中进行斗争、谈判和合作,最终实现价格或者规则的制定的过程。文章的结尾讨论了这一理论框架未来可能的应用场景。

Industrial relations system theory provided a useful analytical framework for comparative industrial relations studies of the last century.But it has been faced with unprecedented challenges in an era of globalization.In particular,the framework has been focused on a tripartite scheme-employees and their organizations,employers and their organizations,and state agencies-but overlooked many other actors that are increasingly proactive in labor relations governance.We have in this paper integrated the global production networks perspective into traditional industrial relations system theory,and thereby developed a new analytical framework for comparative industrial relations studies that is based on the roles of stakeholders.Drawing on the power derived from political authority,economic leverage,and/or public mobilization,various stakeholders of an industrial relations system seek rules and/or price making for labor through contestation,negotiation,and cooperation.We conclude the paper through a discussion of potential application of this new framework.