法国的全球治理理念与战略阐析

An Analysis on France’s Global Governance Philosophy and Strategy

法国是战后国际秩序和全球治理体系的重要创建国与主导国。独特的历史文化、外交传统和大国情怀促使法国积极融入全球治理进程,担当全球治理责任,甚至主导部分优势领域的治理,以此维护本国国家利益,强化大国地位与认同,应对国际体系变革风险。法国的全球治理战略主要体现在以安全治理为基础提升全球治理能力、以气候治理为重点履行世界大国责任、以核能和可再生能源为主引领全球能源转型、以援助非洲为优先推行全球发展治理等,并呈现出以普世主义为中心的治理价值观、以重振大国地位为目标的战略追求和单边与多边主义并行的治理方式等特征。但是,法国全球治理战略的推行也面临国家经济复苏乏力、国内政治体制积弊、区域一体化进程受挫和大国地位削弱等多重挑战。

France is an important founding and leading country in the post-war international order and global governance system. The unique historical culture, diplomatic traditions and feelings of the great powers have prompted France to actively integrate itself into the global governance process, assume responsibility for global governance, and even dominate the governance of some areas of superiority. France’s global governance strategy is mainly based on improving global governance capabilities based on security governance, fulfilling the responsibility of world powers with climate governance as the focus, leading global energy transformation with nuclear and renewable energy as the priority, and promoting global development governance with priority to aid Africa. Moreover, France also presents the characteristics of governance values centered on universalism, strategic pursuits aimed at revitalizing the status of big powers, and governance methods in parallel with unilateral and multilateralism. However, the implementation of France’s global governance strategy is also faced with multiple challenges such as weak national economic recovery, the accumulated defects of domestic political systems, the frustration of regional integration processes and the weakening of the status as a major power.