老年人多维度体质评估量表的构建及信效度分析

Construction of Multi-Dimensional Physical Fitness Assessment Scale for Elderly and Analysis of Its Reliability and Validity

目的构建老年人多维度的体质测评量表并分析其信效度.方法通过回顾文献、意见征询初筛体质评估指标,以德尔菲法确定指标体系,用层次分析法对各指标体系进行权重分配,建立老年人多维度的体质测评量表.采用克朗巴哈(Cronbach)α系数(Cronbach’sα系数)和重测信度系数评价量表信度,采用内容效度指数和探索性因子法评价量表效度.结果确定包括形态体貌、机能和素质3个维度25项条目的老年人多维度体质评估量表,3个维度的权重系数分别为0.122、0.320和0.558;评估量表总分的Cronbach’sα系数为0.842,重测信度系数为0.869(P<0.001);量表水平的内容效度指数和条目水平的内容效度指数均大于0.80.结论本研究建立的老年人多维度体质评估量表具有良好的信、效度,可望为60岁以上老年人体质提供测评工具.

Objective To construct a multi-dimensional physical fitness assessment scale for elderly people,and to evaluate its reliability and validity.Methods The literature review and consultation were performed to preliminarily screen the physical fitness assessment indicators,the Delphi method was used to determine the index system and the analytic hierarchy process was applied to allocate the weight of each index system to establish a multi-dimensional physical fitness scale for the elderly.The Cronbach’α coefficient and test-retest reliability coefficient were used to evaluate the reliability,and the content validity index and exploratory factor were used to assess the validity.Results The multi-dimensional physical fitness assessment scale for the elderly included 25 items of 3 dimensions(morphology,function and quality).The weight coefficients of the three dimensions were 0.122,0.320 and 0.558 respectively.The total Conbach’s α reliability coefficient was 0.842,and the test-retest reliability was 0.869(P<0.001).The content validities of both scale and items were greater than 0.80.Conclusion The multi-dimensional physical fitness assessment scale with good reliability and validity can provide a fitness assessment tool for people over 60 years old.