河北平山王母村唐代崔氏墓发掘简报

The Excavation of Mme Cui’s Tomb of the Tang Dynasty at Wangmu Village in Pingshan County, Hebei

2016年5~12月,河北省文物研究所与平山县文物保护管理所对平山县王母村一座古墓葬进行了抢救性发掘。此墓为一座圆形单室墓,由阶梯形墓道、门楼、甬道和墓室组成。随葬器物30余件,有瓷器、铁器等。据墓志可知,墓主为唐末世家大族博陵崔氏,卒于903年。墓葬中发现了壁画和房形椁室。壁画内容包括人物、花鸟、山水等,其中的山水画是目前我国发现最早的通屏水墨山水画,填补了唐、五代、北宋时期山水画发展序列的缺环,树立了中国早期水墨山水画的标尺,对于中国美术史的研究具有重要价值。房形椁室对于研究我国古代建筑的演变也具有较高的学术价值。

In May through December 2016, Research Institute of Cultural Relics of Hebei Province and other institutions conducted rescue excavation to a looted ancient tomb at Wangmu Village in Pingshan County. This was a single-chamber tomb in circular plan, consisting of the stepped passage, gate towershaped entrance, corridor and chamber. From this tomb, 30 pieces of grave goods including porcelain wares, bronze coins and iron objects were unearthed. According to the unearthed epitaph, the occupant of this tomb was a descendant of the Cui Clan of Boling Commandery, a famous elite clan of the Tang Dynasty, who died in 903 AD. In the chamber of this tomb, murals and house-shaped coffin chamber were found. The motifs of the murals included human figures, flower-and-bird, landscape, etc., the landscape of which was the earliest screen-style ink landscape painting in China known to date;it made up the missed link on the development sequence of the landscape paintings from the Tang Dynasty via the Five-Dynasties Period to the Northern Song Dynasty and established the landmark of the early landscape paintings of China, so it is significantly valuable for the studies on the history of art of China.House-shaped coffin chamber also has high academic value for the study on the evolution of ancient architecture of China.