斯特林热声发动机压力特性的试验研究

Experimental Research on the Pressure Characteristics of Stirling Thermoacoustic Engine

斯特林热声发动机由于其工作介质通过斯特林循环,使其与其他结构形式的热声发动机相比具有潜在效率高等优势。热声发动机内参与热声转换的气体工质会形成高强度的压力波,因而压力特性是反映其性能的重要依据。在有关斯特林热声发动机压力特性的研究工作当中,设计并搭建了热声发动机试验平台,并对热声发动机的压力特性进行了试验研究,其中包括热声发动机的起振过程、压力振荡频率、压力振幅、压比等方面特性。试验结果表明,当热声发动机以氦气为工质时,存在一个最佳的平均压力可在最低的温度下起振,并且可工作的平均压力范围更大。与氮气和氩气相比,氦气的工作频率更高,但是在相同的平均压力下压力振幅最小。氮气和氩气的压比随着平均压力的增大而减小,氦气的压比存在最大值。研究结果有助于提高热声发动机的实用性。

Compared with other kinds of thermoacoustic engines,thermoacoustic Stirling engine has the potential advantage of high efficiency,compared as its working medium has passing through Stirling cycle.The working gas involved in thermoacoustic conversion in the engine will form a high intensity pressure wave,so the pressure characteristic is an important measurement to reflect the performance.An experimental device of thermoacoustics Stirling engine is built.and the pressure characteristics of Stirling thermoacoustic engine are studied experimentally,including the onset process,pressure oscillation frequency,pressure amplitude and pressure ratio.The experiment results show that when the thermoacoustic engine uses helium as working medium,there is an optimum average pressure which can obtain the lowest temperature,and the average pressure range that can work is larger.Compared with nitrogen and argon,thermoacoustic engine filling with helium operates at a higher frequency,but the pressure amplitude is the smallest.The pressure ratio of nitrogen to argon decreases with the increase of average pressure,and there exists a maximum pressure ratio for helium.Research results help to improve the practicality of thermoacoustic engines.