单株和簇状植物分布方式对消波的影响试验

Experimental study on wave attenuation effects by single and patchy rigid vegetation

在波浪水槽中规则波和不规则波水力条件下开展多组次物理模型试验,探究单株和簇状刚性植物分布方式对消波特性的影响。结果表明,单株矩形分布植物带密度相同时,适当增加相邻植物间沿流向的距离,消波效果增强;对于单株交错分布植物带,拖曳力系数随植物间距以及植物淹没度的增大而增大;对于簇状植物带,透射系数随单簇内植物株数的增加以及簇中心间距的减小而减小。在试验条件下得到了植物带消波效果与水动力因素和植物因素之间的拟合关系式,揭示了植物分布密度和分布排列结构对植物消波的影响。

The primary objective of this study is to explore the wave attenuation effects of single and patchy arrays of rigid vegetation under both regular and irregular wave conditions by multi-group physical model tests.The experimental results show that for vegetation belts of a single-rectangular distribution with the same distribution density,wave dissipation is higher with an increasing space between adjacent plants along the flow direction.For vegetation belts of a single-staggered distribution,drag coefficients increase with an increasing space between plants and submergence ratio.For the patchy vegetation belts,transmission coefficients decrease with the increasing number of plants within a single patch and the decreasing space between adjacent patches.Fitting relationships between wave attenuation and hydrodynamic factors as well as vegetation factors are obtained under the experimental conditions,revealing the effects of distribution densities and arrangement structures of vegetation belts on wave attenuation.