无保护会阴接生技术的应用效果观察

Application effect of unprotected perineal delivery technology

目的探讨无保护会阴接生技术(UPDT)的临床应用效果。方法选择本院2016年1月至2017年12月住院分娩的低危初产妇600例为研究对象,并按照数字表法随机分为两组,对照组300例采用传统式保护会阴接生技术接生方法;观察组300例采用无保护会阴接生技术接生(UPDT)方法。比较两组产妇会阴侧切率、会阴裂伤程度、伤口疼痛感及产妇下床活动时间、住院时间、服务满意度等情况。结果观察组会阴侧切率及Ⅱ度裂伤均低于对照组(22.0%比44.7%,13.7%比29.0%),两组比较差异均有统计学意义(χ^2=34.680、19.373,均P<0.05);观察组产妇中度疼痛及重度疼痛明显低于对照组(13.3%比32.0%,16.7%比36.7%),两组比较差异均有统计学意义(χ^2=29.817、30.681,均P<0.05);观察组产妇平均下床活动时间及平均住院时间显著地低于对照组(t=14.896、24.993,均P<0.05);观察组产妇总满意度为98.0%明显高于对照组的89.0%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ^2=24.141,P<0.0001)。结论无保护会阴接生技术具有降低产妇会阴侧切率、降低产妇会阴裂伤程度、减轻产妇伤口疼痛感、提早产妇下床活动时间及缩短住院时间、增加产妇满意度等诸多优点,是一项值得推广应用的助产新技术。

Objective To investigate the clinical application effect of unprotected perineal delivery technology (UPDT). Methods 600 low-risk primiparae who were hospitalized in our hospital from January, 2016 to December, 2017 were selected as study objects. They were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group according to the digital table method, 300 cases for each group. The control group used traditional methods to protect the perineal delivery. The observation group were treated with UPDT. The maternal perineal cut rate, degree of perineal laceration, wound pain, maternal get out of bed, hospitalization time, service satisfaction, and other conditions were compared between these two groups. Results The total maternal satisfaction were higher, the perineal side cut rate, the second degree laceration, and the rates of moderate and severe pain were lower, and the average time to get out of bed and the average length of hospital stay were significantly shorter in the observation group than in the control group [98.0% vs. 89.0%, 22.0% vs. 44.7%, 13.7% vs. 29.0%, 13.3% vs. 32.0%, 16.7% vs. 36.7%,χ^2=24.141, 34.680, 19.373, 29.817, and 30.681, all P < 0.05;t=14.896 and 24.993, both P< 0.05]. Conclusion Unprotected perineal delivery technology has many advantages such as reducing the rate of maternal perineal cut, the degree of maternal perineal laceration, and maternal wound pain, getting pregnant women out of bed, shortening hospital stay, increasing maternal satisfaction, etc. It is a new midwifery technology worth being generalized.