育肥绵羊全混合日粮中微生态制剂替代小苏打的试验研究

Study on the Substitution of Probiotics for Sodium Bicarbonate in the Diet of Fattening Sheep

为研究用微生态制剂替代小苏打饲喂绵羊的可能性,试验选取15只3月龄左右、健康状况良好、平均体重20.30 kg±1.98 kg的绵羊(♂杜泊羊×小尾寒羊♀杂交一代小公羊),随机分为A、B、C三组,每组5只.A组于全混合日粮(TMR)中添加0.45%的小苏打,B、C组分别在TMR中添加0.3%和0.5%的微生态制剂,不添加小苏打.结果表明:pH值C组最高,显著高于A组(P<0.05),但A、B、C三组pH值均处于5.5~7.5的正常范围之内;瘤胃液氨态氮浓度A组最高,显著高于B、C组(P<0.05);乙酸、乙酸/丙酸及总挥发性脂肪酸浓度B、C组均极显著高于A组(P<0.01),C组最高;丙酸浓度C组极显著高于A组(P<0.01).瘤胃细菌多样性检测结果表明:细菌门水平,厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)为优势菌门;细菌属水平含量最高的是普雷沃菌属(Prevotella),该菌属总丰度C组最高,琥珀酸弧_UCG-001菌属(Su ccinivibrionaceae_UCG-001)丰度C组显著高于A、B两组(P<0.05).结论:在该试验条件下,育肥绵羊日粮中的小苏打可以用微生态制剂来替代,且添加0.5%微生态制剂的饲喂效果更佳.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of dietary supplementation with sodium bicarbonate and different concentrations of probiotics on rumen fermentation parameters and bacterial diversity of sheep in fattened sheep,so as to investigate the possibility of feeding sheep with probiotics instead of sodium bicarbonate.Fifteen healthy sheep(Dupo sheep×Small Tail Han sheep F1)were randomly divided into three groups(group A,B and C)with different treatments.Among them,0.45% sodium bicarbonate,0.3% and 0.5% probiotics preparations were added to the concentrate supplement of group A,group B and group C,without adding sodium bicarbonate.The results showed that there were significant differences between groups A and C in p H value(P<0.05).The p H values of group B and C were higher than those of group A,and group C was the highest,all within the normal range of 5.5-7.5;the concentration of NH3-N in group A was the highest and significantly different from that of group C(P<0.05);the concentration of volatile fatty acids(VFA),acetic acid,acetic acid/propionic acid and total volatile fatty acids in group B and C were higher than those in group A,and the differences between groups were very significant.The concentration of propionic acid in group C was the highest(P<0.01),the concentration of propionic acid in group A and C was significantly different(P<0.05)and the concentration of bacteria in group C was the highest.The results of rumen bacterial diversity test showed that the dominant bacteria were Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria,and the dominant bacterial species abundance was significantly different between groups(P<0. 01). There were significant differences among groups,the highest content was Prevotella.The total abundance of Prevotella was the highest in group C,the abundance of Succinivibrionaceae was the highest in group C > B > A,and the highest in group C.Conclusion: Sodium bicarbonate in the diet of fattening sheep could be replaced by probiotics under the experimental conditions,and the feeding effect of adding 0.5% probiotics was better.