个体心理学及其对儿童问题行为教育的启示

The Enlightenment of Individual Psychology on Children’s Problem Behavior Education

儿童问题行为目前在校园内外频频发生,矫正其问题行为已成为教育学、心理学界乃至社会关注之热点。阿德勒个体心理学的教育观认为,儿童的问题行为应从儿童之本位视角而不是旁观者的割裂视角,了解问题行为背后的原因及期待,发现问题下的“问题”,改变由于父母错误的教养方式及缺乏对儿童社会兴趣培养方面的正确引导等因素下儿童表现出的不良生活风格。学校应设立专门的辅导教师团队,加强家校合作,培养儿童积极的社会兴趣,进而矫正所谓的“问题行为”。

At present,the children's problem behaviors occur frequently on-campus and off-campus,thus,how to correct their behaviors has been focused on the field of pedagogy,psychology and even the society.Adler's view of education in individual psychology gives the new perspectives of child-centered rather than from the separation of the bystanders,aiming to understand its reasons and expectations behind the problematic behavior,meanwhile,to find out the"problem",above all,which will change the unhealthy life style of children for the sake of educating by parents and lack of the guides of fostering children's social interest.Thus,we should set up special teams of tutors to strengthen home-school cooperation and cultivate children's positive social interests,so as to rectify the so-called"problem behaviors".