产前超声筛查胎儿先天性心脏病的临床意义及高危因素探究

Clinical significance and risk factors of prenatal ultrasound screening for fetal congenital heart disease

目的探究产前超声筛查胎儿先天性心脏病的临床意义,并分析其高危因素。方法选取2014年至2018年在本院进行产前超声筛查胎儿先天性心脏病的孕妇2101例,并对其临床资料作回顾性分析,其中胎儿确诊为先天性心脏病的为102例。将所选孕妇产前筛查的结果与分娩或尸解后超声检查的结果进行对比分析。结合相关资料筛选先天性心脏病的可疑病因,最终通过单因素与多因素Logistic回归分析得出先天性心脏病的高危因素。结果经产前超声筛查诊断出的患有先天性心脏病胎儿为102例,误诊为房隔缺损的为3例,产前超声筛查诊断先天性心脏病的准确率为97.06%。此外,胎儿先天性心脏病高危因素为孕早期感冒、羊水量异常、染色体异常、先天性心脏病家族史、孕妇吸烟或被动吸烟以及不良妊娠史。结论经产前超声筛查诊断胎儿是否为先天性心脏病,具有无创、高效的优点。孕妇及早采用超声筛查有助于主治医师对其高危因素进行早期干预,可有效降低先天性心脏病的患儿,保证优生优育。

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of prenatal ultrasound screening for fetal congenital heart disease and analyze the risk factors.Methods 2 101 cases of prenatal ultrasound screening for congenital heart disease were selected in our hospital from 2014 to 2018,and the clinical data were analyzed retrospectively.Among them,102 cases were diagnosed with congenital heart disease.The results of prenatal screening of selected pregnant women were compared with those of ultrasound examination after delivery or autopsy.Finally,the risk factors of congenital heart disease were obtained by single factor and multiple factor Logitic regression analysis.Results The prenatal ultrasound screening diagnosis of congenital heart disease was 102 fetuses,misdiagnosed as septal defect was 3 cases,prenatal ultrasound screening diagnosis of congenital heart disease accuracy rate was 97.06%.In addition,the risk factors for fetal congenital heart disease are early pregnancy cold,abnormal goat water,chromosomal abnormalities,congenital heart disease family history,pregnant women smoking or passive smoking and poor pregnancy history.Conclusion The prenatal ultrasound screening for diagnosis of fetal congenital heart disease has the advantages of noninvasive and efficient.The early use of ultrasound screening for pregnant women can help the attending physician to early intervention of its high-risk factors,can effectively reduce the congenital heart disease in children,and ensure superior birth and childbirth.