试论《说文》“丵”字的来源

Trail Argumentation on the Graphic Etymology of the Graph Zhuo (丵) in Shuo Wen (《说文》)

《说文》释“丵”为“丛生艸也。象丵岳相并出也”,近代古文字学家多不信其说。战国文字中有许多带“丵”形的字,学者也优先释为“察”“窃”“浅”“质”等义,“丵”字似乎变成一个不存在的字。本文同意甲骨文中唐兰释为“璞”的字有“璞”“翦”两个读音,因而所从的“■”也有“凿”“铲”两个读音。“■”上加小点就是“丵”,清华贰“■”即“送”,说明了其所从的“丵”只能是声符,读“士角切”,同时,左冢漆梮的“菆丛”应读为“诹众”,“丵本”应读为“重本”。

Zhuo(丵)was glossed as tussocky grass in Shuo Wen(《说文》)because the graph looks like grass growing up parallel to compete the height,but this explanation didn’t convince the majority of modern paleographers.There are many graphs of the Warring State containing the graph丵,and scholars deciphered them preferentially as the meaning of cha(察),qie(窃),qian(浅),zhi(质),etc,while the graph seems that it didn’t exist.This paper agrees that there are two pronunciations in Oracle Bone Inscriptions for璞interpreted by Tang Lan,pu(璞)and jian(翦),thus the constituent■of it also has two pronunciations,zao(凿)and chan(铲).While■being added dots would be丵,and■should be song(送)in Volume Two Tsinghua Bamboo Slips,《清华·贰》this indicates the丵 of■could only be the phonetic constituent,which should be read as the combination of the initial of士and the final of角,so菆丛should be read as zouzhong(诹众),and丵本should be read as zhongben(重本)on Zuozhong Qiju(左冢漆梮).