科学与中国诗歌审美趣味现代变革

Science and the Modern Revolution of Aesthetic Preference of Chinese Poetry

作为五四启蒙思想核心的民主与科学,促进了现代中国新知识系统的形成,这种基于自然科学知识的科学系统在社会领域发生泛化,以形而上的哲学观念与文化立场的形式存在,对中国诗歌的现代变革产生了巨大影响。科学对传统诗歌的思维结构和思维程序产生激烈冲击,传统思维重直觉感悟、重整体辩证的思维程式被重客观、量化、理性、实证的新方法所取代,表现为思维形式由以情为主转为知性重理,思维导向由尚虚为显到尚实为显,思维方式由字思维过渡到句思维,共同导致诗歌思维方式的现代性变革与转向。由于这些思维要素的改变,相应造成了诗歌取材的客观化、情感体验的综合化、语言表达的逻辑化、审美趣味的知性化,由诗论、诗形、诗语、诗美等组成的诗歌系统发生了整体性变化,促使了中国诗歌审美趣味的现代变革。

As the principal spirit of the May 4 th enlightenment,science promoted the formation of new knowledge system in China,which also has tremendous impact on the modern revolution of Chinese poetry.In general,science has severe impact on the thinking structure and thinking procedure of traditional poetry.The traditional thoughts focusing on intuition,inspiration,and overall dialectical thinking pattern were replaced by more objective,quantitative,rational and empirical thoughts,which were reflected in the transformation of the thinking form from affection to logos,in the thinking orientation from void to fact,and in the thinking way from word chunk to sentence chunk.The huge changes of these factors contributed to the modern revolution and transformation of poetry,and led to the formation of the objectiveness of subject matters,the integration of emotional experience,the logicalization of language expression and the intellectualization of aesthetic preference.The poetry system including poetic theory,poetic form,poetic language,and poetic beauty also changed holistically,which promoted the modern revolution of aesthetic preference of Chinese poetry.